# Assuming that we have the following SNP and phenotype data, is the SNP significantly associated with the phenotype?

So if I attempt this question using their method I put the data of genotype and phenotype into a data frame in R then use lm() to do linear regression and summary() to get an F statistic with p value 0.54. I'm not connecting what the F statistic means in this case to the answer.

Question 2: Assuming that we have the following SNP and phenotype data, is the SNP significantly associated with the phenotype? Here, we represent each SNP site as the number of minor alleles on that locus, so 0 and 2 are for major and minor homozygous sites, respectively, and 1 is for the heterozygous sites. We also assume that minor alleles contribute to the phenotype and the effect is additive. In other words, the effect from a minor homozygous site should be twice as large as that from a heterozygous site. You may use any test methods introduced in the chapter. How about permutation tests?

GENOTYPE: 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0

PHENOTYPE: 0.53, 0.78, 0.81, -0.23, -0.73, 0.81, 0.27, 2.59, 1.84, 0.03

Answer: Take the linear regression with F-test as an example, the p-value without the permutation test is 0.54 and is 0.55 after 1000 permutation (this number could be different with your answer because of the randomness of the permutation test).

Link to where I'm getting this: http://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002828#pcbi.1002828-Balding1

• What part do you not understand? What did you tried? Did you look at the help pages of the test or any other resource of statistics?
– llrs
Feb 11 '18 at 23:27
• Does the edit make it more clear? Sorry, the first question was poorly written Feb 11 '18 at 23:31
• Yes, much better
– llrs
Feb 11 '18 at 23:41