Questions tagged [algorithms]
The algorithms tag has no usage guidance, but it has a tag wiki.
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What is happening in the Zuker-Algorithm
I am trying to understand the Zuker Algorithm.
What is happening during initialisation? I know in Nussinov the diagonal is filled with 0s. Are the diagonals filled with infinite energy during Zuker´s ...
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How evaluate biclustering algorithm over real datasets containing labels?
I have a set of real data containing labels. However, in some biclustering algorithms (e.g., Cheng and Church Algorithm), originally authors applied gene expression data like Yeast without having ...
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Algorithm for counting neighbors
I need an algorithm to process protein chains. The volume size would probably not exceed 30x30x30 angstrom^3.
Say, I have a point cloud of 50,000 points in a 3D space.
I want to count the number of ...
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Why are genetic algorithm chromosomes represented using 8 bit binary?
I am learning about genetic algorithms.
Why chromosomes are represented using 8 bit binary.
This arose when I apply crossover techniques to the bits.
Please help me to find the answer.Thanks in ...
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Refactoring a script mapping ID to sequence
I wrote simple Python script which has an excessive run time, notably when using large data sets. For example a data set of 1 000 000 sequences.
I am seeking assistance refactoring the code and would ...
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Improving list speed: glycosylation example
I discussed a question with @gaspanic Python/Biopython - Replace amino acid residue on MSA with "z" from a list of unaligned positions
. The issue emerged was speeding up lists in Python. ...
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DNA genome string reconstruction from k-mer
I have the following quiz question, but the Pattern1 for both (ACC|ATA) and (CGA|ACT) are unique (just grep for ...
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Caching and parallelization
Currently algorithmically developing a calculation for "co-dependent" mutation (quotation appropriate). The algorithm uses chunked biopython alignment objects which are parallelized.
Aim
One ...
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Can I use Aho-Corasick for epidemic spread simulation?
I found that with this string-finding algorithm, this algo can determine if a string(person) holds something(if he has sick, already got vaccinated, and et cetera.).
I am trying to simulate an ...
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How should I imagine the pre-indexing of suffix arrays in the STAR RNA Seq-aligner?
I'm using STAR for an internship (fusion-genes in ALL cancer) and I'd like to understand what exactly it is doing. The people at the internship don't know either how it works, given their biology ...
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Is the algorithm of the STAR RNA Seq-Aligner similar to the Knuth-Morris-Pratt string matching algorithm?
I don't know if I'm in the right SE, if not let me know and I'll delete it.
I am reading the original publication of the STAR RNA-Sequence aligner.
Given the quoted text below I wonder if the ...
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What is the cutoff distance in this algorithm?
In the following article:
a fast and efficient Cα-based method for accurately assigning protein secondary structure elements
What are the minimum and maximum cutoff distances in this algorithm?
Also,...
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What does it mean by "PC" in this article?
What does it mean by "PC" in this article?
a fast and efficient Cα-based method for accurately assigning protein secondary structure elements
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Why does randomized motif search work?
I'm looking for intuition for why a randomized motif search works. My current thinking is as follows:
We are selecting many random kmers from our DNA sequences. The chosen kmers will bias the profile ...
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Given two ADN sequence, can there be multiple optimal alignement? And how to optimally find them?
Given two sequences, I know we can determine optimal alignment of sequence with the Needleman–Wunsch algorithm. But is it possible that two alignments have multiple optimal alignment (I guess it would ...
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How to optimize the number of amplicons ordered for a PCR wet experiment with several genomic ROIs?
Imagine we have an experiment for which we would like to minimize the number of purchased primers. Let's look at the layout of a single primer below:
Assume we have a precomputed set of all necessary ...
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How to reconstruct a target string from a large set of overlapping reads
I got this question as a homework. Does anyone know how the it can be solved?
Consider a short string $r$ as a read from a string $S$ if $r$ is converted from a substring of $S$ by at most $k$ swaps ...
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Time complexity of the Neighbors function
I implemented the following find_neighbors_with_expected_hamming_distance function that generates all k-mers of Hamming distance at most d from the given Pattern.
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Explaining the algorithm of RNA folding: what each symbol & value represents?
I need someone to explain to me from the nuts and bolts how algorithms/ maths is used to work out RNA folding. Explain it to me like I am an alien or child.
I am looking at this paper - https://eprint....
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Why use Needleman-Wunsch if there is no way to evaluate the statistical significance
I thought that Needleman-Wunsch is the best approach to align sequences. However, I read that it is impossible to evaluate the statistical significance of the alignment if you do global alignment. So ...
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Evaluating amateur bioinformatics results
I've might have created a new algorithm for finding patterns in DNA. The technique has not been used before, and it managed to find a 33-mer with corresponding complement that exists both in E. Coli ...
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Kinetics "Master Equation"
In stochastic (probabilistic) models, the evolution of a system over time is calculated using a "Master Equation" which also factors the external and internal noise / perturbations in order ...
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mapping heteryzygous kmers on a genome
I have a set (a couple of millions) of kmer pairs of known length (usually 21) that I know that are heterozygous in the middle nucleotide. For instance:
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Attractor Landscape Analysis
I have come across a modeling toolbox, ATLANTIS, which is able to determine cell fates in silico based on the input models provided. This MATLAB-based toolbox is built on a method called "Attractor ...
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How to score how densely bases are distributed along a given oligo?
Suppose I have a short chain string of oligos, and I want to rate them from 0 to 1 based on how clustered the "A"s are in respect to the chain. For example:
...
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Prediction of prokaryotic origins of replication (ORI)
I want to predict origins of replication (ORI) on hundreds of prokaryotic genomes. The most straight-forward solution would be to use most commonly used tool, Ori-Finder.
It uses integrated gene ...
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Non-random access on a fastq file
There was a nice question on random access on a fastq file, however I have the opposite problem. I want to programatically access non-random fastq entries quickly (using C++).
Say I have several ...
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How is consensus alignment for OLC assembly usually implemented?
Background
In C++ I want to implement a simple class that performs overlap layout consensus assembly but I can not figure out the most logical data structure to use for the consensus alignment step.
...
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How do I interpret the function O(f^-2 log n) in Shekhar et al. (2017)?
The results of Shekhar et al. (2017) "indicate that ASTRAL requires
$\mathcal{O}(f^{-2} \log{n})$
gene trees to reconstruct the species tree correctly with ...
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What are some of the major questions pursued by the field bioinformatics? [closed]
I am an occasional user of tools in bioinformatics and I am fascinated by the possibility of uncovering deeper patterns in the biological realm using the help of computer algorithms. Yet I don't know ...
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Histosketch vs Count-Min sketch: preserving similarity
A preprint describing a new tool and its application to microbiome analysis was recently published in bioRxiv[1]. At the core of this new tool, HULK, is a new data structure called a histosketch[2] ...
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Getting all NNI trees of a parsimony tree
I have an aligned protein sequence file which I have been using for reconstructing a parsimonious tree. I am currently using NNITreeSearcher._get_neighbors method from Biopython 1.72 but it's way to ...
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Efficiently aligning a lot of reads on the same small reference sequence
The context: I have a DNA-sequence coding for a protein, about 1500 bp in length. Using NGS, a lot of reads of (mutants of) this same sequence were acquired. All of these reads need to be aligned to ...
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Stand alone chaining tool for existing blast hits?
I have a table of blast hits in a database that I'd like to chain. What is a good choice for a 'stand alone' chaining tool? Is it simple to implement in Perl, for example?
Example 'hit' data is here. ...
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Do any computational phylogenetic methods enable the specification of ancestral states?
Various phylogenetic algorithms estimate ancestral states of a phylogenetic dataset. Is there a way in either maximum parsimony, distance-based methods, or Bayesian inference to indicate what the ...
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Why does `pratchet()` in `phangorn` not find the most parsimonious trees?
I called pratchet() on a dataset with binary values for the characters and it returned a parsimony value of 35. I then calculated the parsimony value for the ...
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How does htslib/samtools access optional BAM fields?
I am confused regarding how various software libraries deal with optional fields in a BAM:
Based upon the BAM specification, there are 11 mandatory fields to a BAM:
...
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Books on bioinformatics algorithms
I'm looking for a book about bioinformatics algorithms, such as alignment, BLAST search, and variant calling.
I'm hoping reading about this subject will give me a deeper understanding of the ...
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How does Li and Durbin's BWA paper compare alignment programs on real data?
Li and Durbin's "Fast and accurate short read alignment with burrows-whleeler transform" found here, says:
We evaluate the performance of BWA on ... real paired-end data by
checking the fraction ...
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How is a principal component analysis for population structure made from a bam or other alignment file?
I'm curious how a PCA for population structure is built from an alignment/BAM or SAM file. How do programs like angsd and ngsCovar actually build a PCA? What exactly makes things come out as different ...
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Estimate the length of poly-A tails from randomly-primed RNAseq data
So a poly-A tail is a long chain of adenine nucleotides that is added to a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule during RNA processing to increase the stability of the molecule.
For my project, I would like ...
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Large range parameter identification
I have a model (ODE) of an enzymatic reaction, and I'd like to estimate four of its parameters to fit some available data. To obtain the model I am just using Mass-Action Kinetics.
Some more details:
...
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Can structural - equation modeling be used in Bioinformatics?
I am a bioinformatics student and I was learning the basics of structural equation modeling (SEM).
I was wondering, are there any applications of SEM on bioinformatics? Are there any strong sides ...
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Help with identifying disease modules [closed]
I've made an application that at this point ranks all combinations of drug pairs relevant to a biological network/graph in the order of how disruptive the outcome of deleting the targets of a given ...
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How are MACS2's narrow peak and broad peak algorithms different?
The peak calling tool MACS2 can call peaks in either narrow peak mode (for focused signals like transcription factor ChIPseq) or broad peak mode (for more defuse signals, like certain histone ...
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Are there any rolling hash functions that can hash a DNA sequence and its reverse complement to the same value?
A common bioinformatics task is to decompose a DNA sequence into its constituent k-mers and compute a hash value for each k-mer. Rolling hash functions are an appealing solution for this task, since ...
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